{
  "id": "inverting-op-amp",
  "slug": "inverting-op-amp-calculator",
  "url": "https://electronics.tools/tools/inverting-op-amp-calculator/",
  "name": "Inverting Op-Amp Resistor Calculator",
  "group": "amp-timing",
  "summary": "R2 = |G|·R1 and R3 = R1. G = −10 with R1 = 10 kΩ gives 100 kΩ.",
  "formulas": [
    {
      "id": "r2",
      "label": "Feedback",
      "plain": "R2 = |G| · R1",
      "mathml": "<math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" aria-label=\"R2 = |G| · R1\"><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></math>",
      "symbols": [
        "R2",
        "G",
        "R1"
      ],
      "sources": [
        "sedra"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "r3",
      "label": "Bias compensation",
      "plain": "R3 = R1 (bias-current compensation)",
      "mathml": "<math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" aria-label=\"R3 = R1 (bias-current compensation)\"><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></math>",
      "symbols": [
        "R3",
        "R1"
      ],
      "sources": [
        "sedra"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "r4",
      "label": "Level-shift R4",
      "plain": "R4 level-shift (utmel algebra)",
      "mathml": "<math display=\"block\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" aria-label=\"R4 level-shift (utmel algebra)\"><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mfrac><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><msub><mi>V</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>out2</mtext></msub></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>V</mi><mtext>out2</mtext></msub><msub><mi>R</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math>",
      "symbols": [
        "R4",
        "R3",
        "R1",
        "R2",
        "V2",
        "Vout2"
      ],
      "sources": [
        "sedra"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "variables": [
    {
      "symbol": "G",
      "name": "Target gain",
      "unit": "1",
      "role": "input",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      },
      "range": {
        "max": 0,
        "note": "G must be < 0"
      },
      "default": -10,
      "urlParam": "g"
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R1",
      "name": "Input resistor",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "input",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      },
      "range": {
        "min": 0
      },
      "default": 10000,
      "urlParam": "r1"
    },
    {
      "symbol": "Vin",
      "name": "Vin (optional)",
      "unit": "V",
      "role": "input",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      },
      "default": 0.1,
      "urlParam": "vin"
    },
    {
      "symbol": "V2",
      "name": "Bias V2 (optional)",
      "unit": "V",
      "role": "input",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      },
      "default": "",
      "urlParam": "v2"
    },
    {
      "symbol": "Vout2",
      "name": "Shifted Vout2 (optional)",
      "unit": "V",
      "role": "input",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      },
      "default": "",
      "urlParam": "vout2"
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R2",
      "name": "Feedback",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R3",
      "name": "Bias compensation",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R2E24",
      "name": "Nearest E24",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R2E96",
      "name": "Nearest E96",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "GE24",
      "name": "Gain with E24",
      "unit": "1",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "GE96",
      "name": "Gain with E96",
      "unit": "1",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "Vout",
      "name": "Vout = G·Vin",
      "unit": "V",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "R4",
      "name": "Level-shift",
      "unit": "Ω",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 4
      }
    },
    {
      "symbol": "ok",
      "name": "R4 realizable",
      "unit": "1",
      "role": "output",
      "precision": {
        "sig": 1
      }
    }
  ],
  "examples": [
    {
      "id": "g-10",
      "title": "G = −10, R1 = 10 kΩ",
      "input": [
        {
          "symbol": "G",
          "value": -10,
          "unit": "1",
          "display": "-10"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R1",
          "value": 10000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "10 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "Vin",
          "value": 0.1,
          "unit": "V",
          "display": "0.1 V"
        }
      ],
      "output": [
        {
          "symbol": "R2",
          "value": 100000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "100 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R3",
          "value": 10000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "10 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R2E24",
          "value": 100000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "100 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R2E96",
          "value": 100000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "100 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "Vout",
          "value": -1,
          "unit": "V",
          "display": "-1 V"
        }
      ],
      "computedBy": "invertingOpAmp"
    },
    {
      "id": "g-4.7",
      "title": "G = −4.7, R1 = 1 kΩ (exact E24)",
      "input": [
        {
          "symbol": "G",
          "value": -4.7,
          "unit": "1",
          "display": "-4.7"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R1",
          "value": 1000,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "1 kΩ"
        }
      ],
      "output": [
        {
          "symbol": "R2",
          "value": 4700,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "4.7 kΩ"
        },
        {
          "symbol": "R2E24",
          "value": 4700,
          "unit": "Ω",
          "display": "4.7 kΩ"
        }
      ],
      "computedBy": "invertingOpAmp"
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Sedra/Smith, Microelectronic Circuits — inverting configuration",
      "url": "https://global.oup.com/academic/product/microelectronic-circuits-9780190853464",
      "retrieved": "2026-11-02"
    }
  ],
  "datePublished": "2026-11-02T00:00:00+08:00",
  "dateModified": "2026-11-02T00:00:00+08:00",
  "author": {
    "name": "Jasper",
    "url": "https://electronics.tools/about/#jasper"
  },
  "relatedTools": [
    "https://electronics.tools/tools/op-amp-gain-calculator/",
    "https://electronics.tools/tools/555-timer-calculator/"
  ]
}